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Current Waveform Studies
Clinical Studies:
- 1. Birgt Schwartz et al. Biphasic Shocks Compared with Monophasic Dampened Sine Wave Shocks for Direct Ventricular Defibrillation during Open Heart Surgery. Anesthesiology, V 98, No 5, May 2003, 1063-1069
- 2. van Alem AP, Chapman FW, Lank P, Hart AAM, Koster RW. A prospective, randomized and blinded comparison of monophasic and biphasic waveform defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2003; 58:15-21.
- Dorian P, Khaykin Y, Kowalewski M, Newman D. Biphasic cardioversion in shock-resistant atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2002; 18: 186B. Abstract.
- Doets, et al. A Blinded study to the Efficacy of Monophasic and Biphasic Waveform Defibrillation by the Emergency Medical System Journal of American College of Cardiology, 2002; 39(9) (Supplement B):p 79B
- Koul, et al. Is 360 Joules Necessary for Biphasic Transthoracic Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation? PACE 2002 (supplement) 663. Abstract.
- Jain VC, Wheelan K. Successful Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation Using 360-Joules Biphasic Shock. The American Journal of Cardiology. 2002. 90.331-332.
- Higgins SL, Herre JM, Epstein AE, et al. A comparison of biphasic and monophasic shocks for external defibrillation. Prehospital Emergency Care 2000;4(4):305-13.
- Walker RG, O´Grady SG, Purdy SA, Schmitt PW, Chapman FW. Refibrillation in pre-hospital cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2000;102:II-437. Abstract.
- Walker RG, O'Grady SG, Purdy SA, Chapman FW. Initial experience with a full energy biphasic waveform for termination of ventricular fibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2000;45:S50. Abstract.
- Dorian P, Koster RW, Chapman FW, Schmitt PW, O'Grady SG. External cardioversion of atrial fibrillation with biphasic shocks requires less current and causes less patient discomfort. Academic Emergency Medicine 2001;8(5):543-4. Abstract.
- Koster R, Adams R, Chapman FW. Biphasic truncated exponential shocks provide a high rate of success for external cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. Resuscitation. 2000;45:S52. Abstract.
- B Schwarz, A Bowdle, R Lazzara, P Mair, K Lindner, G Aldea , S O'Grady, P Schmitt, W Tacker. Direct defibrillation during cardiothoracic surgery is more effective with biphasic shocks than monophasic damped sine wave shocks. European Heart Journal 2001; 22 (supplement): 89. Abstract
- P Dorian, RW Koster, FW Chapman, PW Schmitt, SG O'Grady. A Prospective, Randomized Comparison of Monophasic and Shocks for External Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation: Shock Efficacy and Post-Procedure Pain. European Heart Journal 2001; 22 (supplement): 132. Abstract.
- A.P. van Alem, R. Vrenken, R.W. Koster, F.W. Chapman. A Blinded, Randomized Comparison of Biphasic and Monophasic Waveform Defibrillation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. European Heart Journal 2001; 22 (supplement): 242. Abstract.
- J. Reisinger, K.Höllinger, M. Mori, T. Bachleitner, A. Steinhuber, A. Ebner, T. Winter, H. Geiger, E. Zeindlhofer, P. Hühn. Efficacy of biphasic shocks for transthoracic cardioversion of atrial tachyarrhythmias. European Heart Journal 2001; 22 (supplement): 132. Abstract.
- van Alem AP, Vrenken R, Koster RW, Chapman FW. A blinded, randomized comparison of biphasic and monophasic waveform defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Circulation 2001; 104:II-765. Abstract.
- Walker RG, Chapman FW. Revisiting assumptions underlying defibrillation shock protocols: how much does impedance change between first and second shocks? Prehospital Emergency Care 2002; 6(1):146. Abstract.
Experimental Studies:
- Walker RG, Melnick SB, Chapman FW, Walcott GP, Schmitt PW, Ideker RE. Comparison of six clinically used external defibrillation waveforms in swine. Resuscitation 2003.
- Killingsworth CR, Melnick SB, Chapman FW, Walker RG, Smith WM, Ideker RE, Walcott GP. Defibrillation threshold and cardiac responses using an external biphasic defibrillator with pediatric and adult adhesive patches in pediatric-sized piglets. Resuscitation 2002;55:177-185.
- RA Berg, RW Hilwig, FW Chapman, RG Walker, RC Nova, MD Berg, KB Kern, GA Ewy. Comparison of weight-based monophasic and fixed-sequence biphasic defibrillation dosing for resuscitation in a model of pediatric prolonged cardiac arrest. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2003; (in press), abstract.
- RA Berg, FW Chapman, RW Hilwig, KB Kern, MD Berg, GA Ewy. Piglet biphasic defibrillation with the same dosage over a wide weight range is as safe as monophasic weight-based dosing. Critical Care Medicine 2002; 30(12, Suppl): A3. Abstract.
- Niemann, JT et al. Transthoracic impedance does not decrease with rapidly repeated countershocks in a swine cardiac arrest model. Resuscitation 2003 (56) 91-95. (Reprints Available Soon)
- Walcott GP, Killingsworth CR, Smith WM, Ideker RE. Biphasic waveform external defibrillation thresholds for spontaneous ventricular fibrillation secondary to acute ischemia. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2002; 39(2):359-65.
- Walker RG, Melnick SB, Walcott GP, Ideker RE. Comparison of clinically used biphasic waveforms for external defibrillation. Academic Emergency Medicine 2001;8(5):432-3. Abstract.
- Scheatzle MD, Menegazzi JJ, Allen TL, Durham SB. Evaluation of biphasic transthoracic defibrillation in an animal model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation. Academic Emergency Medicine. 1999;6:880-6.
- Walker RG, Taylor JW, Schmitt PW, et al. Comparison of a biphasic truncated exponential waveform to two standard monophasic waveforms for external defibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:400A.
- Chapman FW, El-Abbady TZ, Walcott GP, Johnson JL, Jones JL, Ideker RE. Dysfunction following transthoracic defibrillation shocks in dogs. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1997;20:1128.
- El-Abbady TZ, Walcott GP, Chapman FW, Johnson JL, Ideker RE. The effect of transthoracic impedance on the efficacy of monophasic Edmark and biphasic truncated exponential defibrillation shocks. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1997;20:1128.
- Walcott GP, Killingsworth CR, Taylor JW, Smith WM, Ideker RE. Distribution of successful shock energies using a biphasic waveform in a pig model of spontaneous ischemic ventricular fibrillation. Circulation. 1999;100:I-90.
- Walcott GP, Melnick SB, Chapman FW, Jones JL, Smith WM, Ideker RE. Relative efficacy of monophasic and biphasic waveforms for transthoracic defibrillation after short and long durations of ventricular fibrillation. Circulation. 1998;98:2210-5.
- Walcott GP, Walker RG, Cates AW, Krassowska W, Smith WM, Ideker RE. Choosing the optimal monophasic and biphasic waveforms for ventricular defibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1995;6:737-50. (This study does not study our specific waveform. Instead, it validates the model that our shock duration adjustment is based on.)
- Sullivan JL, Johnson JL. Heart-cell model response to biphasic external defibrillator waveforms. Ann Biomed Eng 2000;28(Suppl 1):S-52.
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