original bibliography

    Articles Relating Specifically to R2-Pads:

  1. South Lake County Product Test Results – (Carden), R2 SEC Filing Public Offering (Coughlin Securities, Preliminary Prospectus, Nov 1983 (letter on file) (reported five fold increase in resuscitation success in 6 months switching to R2 Pads in South Lake County Illinois view now…
  2. Self-Adhesive Monitor/Defibrillator Pads Improve Prehospital Defibrillation Success – (Stults, Kerber), Annals of Emergency Medicine, August 1987, pg. 873/73
  3. Self-Adhesive Defibrillation Pads Reported Superior to Standard (Stein), Emergency Department News, Vol. VIII No. 5, May 1986, pg. Cover Story view now…
  4. Self-Adhesive Preapplied Electrode Pads for Defibrillation and Cardioversion – (Kerber, Newman), JACC, Vol. 3, March 1984, pg. 815-820
  5. External Defibrillation Technologies – (Kerber), Annals of Emergency Medicine, 13:9, Sept 1984, pg. 48/794-797
  6. Apex-Posterior Electrode Defibrillation – (Pendergrast), Journal of Emergency Services, Vol. 13, No. 9, Sept, 1981, pg. 46-49
  7. New Defibrillation Electrodes – (Zoll), Medical Instrumentation, Vol.12:No 1, Feb 1978, pg. 56
  8. Preapplied Defibrillation Electrodes – (Zoll), Proceedings of Purdue Conference on Defibrillation, Sept 1979

    9. Additional Original References:

  9. Kerber, et. al., “Transthoracic Resistance in Human Defibrillation,” Proceedings for 2nd Purdue Conference on Defibrillation, 1979
  10. Weaver,et.al., “Low and high-energy defibrillatory shocks in the treatment of sudden cardiac death syndrome: effects of delivered energy and current,” Medical Instrumentation, Vol 15, No 5, Sept 79, 328
  11. Ewy, Gordon, “Relative impedance of gels to defibrillator discharge.,” Medical Instrumentation, Vol 13, No 5, Sept 1979
  12. Ewy, Gordon, “Impedance to transthoracic direct current discharge, A model for testing interface material,” Medical Instrumentation, Vol 12, No 1, Jan 1978
  13. Ewy, et. al., “Effect of electrode metal on the transthoracic impedance to defibrilla)or discharge,” Proceedings AAMI15th Annual Meeting, April 13-17, 1980
  14. Rush, Lepeschkin, et.al., “Current Distribution from Defibrillation Electrodes in the Homogeneous Torso Model,” Journ Electrocardiography, 2(4), 331-342, 1969
  15. Dolan, “Computer Modeling of the Thorax for Evaluation of Cardiac Defibrillation,” Proceedings AAMI 13th Annual Meeting, 78, March 1978
  16. Lown, Bernard, “The technique of cardioversion,” Amer Heart Journ, 67, 282, 1964
  17. Morris, J., et. al., “Experience with ‘Cardioversion’ of Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter,” Amer Journ Cardio, July, 1964
  18. Tacker, W.A., “Electrical Dose for Defibrillation,” Proceedings on 2nd Purdue Conference on Defib, Oct. 1975
  19. Lepeschkin, Jones, Rush, Jones, “Analysis of Cardiac Damage Following Elective Cardiac Defibrillation,” Proceeding for 2nd Purdue Conf on Defib, 85, October 1975
  20. Jones, Jones, “Post-shock arrhythmias – A possible cause of Unsuccessful Defibrillation,” Proceedings for Purdue Conf on Defib, Sept. 1979
  21. Lepeschkin, Jones, Jones, Rush, “Local Potential Gradients as a Unifying Measure of Stimulation, Standstill, Tacharrhythmias, and Fibrillation Appearing After Strong Capacitor Discharges,” Advanced Cardiology, Vol 12, 268, 21 (1978),268.278
  22. Springrose, “Defibrillation Procedures for Pacemaker Patients,” Journ of Emer Services, 12 (Jan 1980), 36
  23. Pendergrast, “Apex-Posterior Electrode Defibrillation,” Journ of Emer Services, Vol 13, No 9, Sept, 1981, pages 46-49
  24. Gasho, Crampton, et. al., “Determinants of Ventricular Defribillation in Adults,” Circulation, 60, No 2, 1979
  25. Ewy, Gordon, “Effectiveness of direct current defibrillation: role of paddle electrode size.” Amer Hear1 Journ, Vol 93, No 5, May, 1977
  26. Ewy, Gordon, “Defibrillation,” Current Problems in Cardiology, Vol II, No. 11, 1978 (Yearbook Med Pub)
  27. Zoll, Paul, “New Defibrillation Electrodes,” Medical Instrumentation, Vol 12, No 1, 56, Feb 1978
  28. Zoll, Paul, “Preapplied Defibrillation Electrodes,” Purdue Cont on Defib, Sept, 1979
  29. Schoenberg, “Development of test methods for evaluating recovery characteristics of disposable ECG electrodes,” Medical Instrumentation, Vol 13, No 5, 259-65, Sept, 1979
  30. Schoenberg, “Final Report – Phase I-A Study of Cardiac Monitor Safety and Efficacy,” UBTL Technical Report No. TR 173.008 under FDA contract, Univ of Utah Research Institute, July, 1977 I
  31. Kerber, Newman, et. al., “Self.adhesive pre-applied electrode pads for defibrillation: Experimental and Clinical Studies,” Clinical Research, Vol. 30, No.4, 1982 (Univ. 10wa/Physio.Control)
  32. Weaver, Cobb, et. al., “Ventricular Defibrillation – a comparative trial using 175.J and 320.J shocks,” N Eng J Med, 307, 1101.1106, Oct 1982
  33. Furman, Seymour, “External Defibrillation and Implanted Cardiac Pacemakers,” Pace, Vol. 4, Sept-Oct 1981,485-486
  34. Das, Eaton, Pacemaker Malfunction Following Transthoracic Countershock,” Pace, Vol. 4, Sept- Oct 1981,487-490
  35. Das, “Editorial Reply,” Pace, Vol. 5, May-June, 1982, 457.458
  36. Dahl, Ewy, Zimmerman, “Electrocardiographic vectoriai forces in ventricular fibrillation,” Proc MMI15th Mtg. April 13-17, 1980, 29
  37. Olson, et. al., “Time and frequency dependence of disposable ECG electrode-skin impedance,” Med Inst, Vol. 13, No.5, Sept-Oct 1979, 269-272
  38. Bander, “Defibrillation,” Topics in emergency Med, Vol. 1, No.2, July 1979, 75.86
  39. Charbonnier, “Interac~ion of defibrillators with cardiac monitors,” Proc MMI Tech Asses Conf, No. 3-82, Dec, 1982, 19
  40. Resnekov L, “Direct, shock, in chung e (Ed): Cardiac emergency care. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1975. 141-164
  41. Ehsani, Ewy, Sobel, “Effects of electrical countershock on serum creatine phosphokinase (MB-CPK) isoenzyme activity,” Amer Heart Journ, Vol. 37, Jan 1976, 12-18
  42. Desilva, Lown, Margolis, “Survival following in. hospital defibrillation,” Proc. 16th Annual Mtg, MMI, May 10.13, 1981

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